The bassoon is a woodwind instrument that produces sound in a low range, using a double reed, and has a distinctive shape, with a long tube that looks as though it has been folded in two.
The musical instruments that could be described as ancestors of the bassoon were developed in the 16th century, and include the shawm, the rankett, and the dulcian or curtal. All of these are low-pitched instruments that use a double reed.
Among them only the dulcian is shaped as though folded in two, making it the musical instrument one could describe as closest in shape to the modern bassoon. It is said that the name "fagotto" is derived from "fagottez", which is French for "a bundle of two wooden sticks. It is not precisely known when the name came to be used for the musical instrument, but it seems that, at least since the midth century, a wooden wind instrument in a style that closely resembles its modern form has been known in France as the "fagotto.
In the 18th century, bassoons with three or four keys were the most common. Then, in the latter half of the 18th century, bassoons equipped with 6 keys began to appear. In around the bassoon was given a fourth key the G key for the right little finger. This determined the playing position of the hands right hand below the left once and for all.
Further additional keys were to improve the quality of some of the low notes, which had previously been played using cross-fingerings.
The addition of speaker keys — for which reliable evidence exists from — represented a major step forward, since they made overblowing considerably easier. Although it was possible to play notes in the high register up to F5 on bassoons with five keys, it was not until the speaker keys were added that contemporary composers were persuaded to ask for notes above G4. In about models with six keys and two additional speaker keys on the wing joint for A4 and C5 became standard.
Compared to the other woodwind instruments, the number of significant changes made to bassoon construction in the course of the 18th century was small. Leading workshops in Paris, Vienna and Dresden made valuable contributions to solving the tuning problem by equipping their instruments with tuning slides on the wing joint or providing wings or bocals of various lengths. Keys for B1 and C 2 were added. To increase the volume attempts were also made to widen the bell.
The boot was given the short, U-shaped joint in place of the cork component. In the bassoonist and instrument maker Carl Almenraeder from Mainz in Germany embarked on a project which was to last years and ultimately result in a technically complete, agile and responsive bassoon with a well-balanced overall sound. Beside his own mechanical improvements Almenraeder also made use of the inventions of other instrument makers and adopted some of the suggestions of his friend Gottfried Weber, who had undertaken a thorough study of the acoustic properties of woodwind instruments.
He placed the tone holes from A2 downward nearer the bell and increased their diameter. He also replaced the resonator hole in the bell with an open key for B1. This instrument had a chromatic range from B1—Bb5, in other words, four octaves. Following his death his colleague Johann Adam Heckel — took over the management of the workshops they had started together in Today, following several further alterations, the German Almenraeder-Heckel bassoon has 25—27 keys.
It first gained popularity in the German-speaking world and became the international standard during the 20th century. In France, the Romance countries and parts of Canada, on the other hand, a French model with 22 keys is in use. The basson has tubing which is longer and more narrowly conical; the tone holes are narrower.
Is that a job for a bassoon expert, or should a general instrument repairmen I would only trust a good one be able to handle that job? A general repair tech more than likely will not be able to do the whisper key mechanism properly.
Post placement will be crucial for key alignment and operation. There are up to 8 posts to put in depending on whether the bottom post of the E pancake key is kept or replaced so having somebody with a bit of experience do the work would be a good idea.
The last one I did was a about 2 years ago on a series Heckel. Jim Kirker. I uploaded them with the original resolution, but cropped to take out excess space. I used the flash on my camera which seemed to make everything a little darker. Also, the bell ring looks yellow or orange in the pictures, but to me it looks like old ivory that needs a good cleaning.
If you want to see more pictures of something specific, or with better lighting, just let me know. From what I can see of this instrument and from what i can see padwise, I would reccomend having a whisper key system installed, and based on the fact that it has brown saxophone pads in the instrument, I would highly reccomend a repad, an installation of a whisper key pad, and the installation of an F trill.
My guess is that even the the new pads are seated the instrument is still leaking. Take the wing joint put a stopper in the bocal end,mositen your fingers and cover up the fingerholes.
Procced to suck the air out of the wing joint. A bassoon wing thats sealing to its optimum should seal for 1 minute or more. Alot of general repair techs are just not familiar enough with the bassoon, nor have the time to really sit and deal with the specific needs of repair and preparation to get a body joint to seal well. Secondly saxophone pads do not work in bassoons. The leather is too coarse which can actually be abrasive to the tone hole, too porous to give a fulll seal, and are much to firm to cover some of the toneholes that have mora than 1 hole drilled.
My guess the reason why your bassoon is playing sharp still is because there is a high leak factor. Furthermore in older instrument that have no water tubes that you run a risk of having internal wood rot in the fingerholes from many years of mositure buildup. This can be fixed by any competant bassoon technician. Instead of me rambling any further I would reccomend a couple articles for you to read I will post links below.
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